Microdiscectomy, also called Microlumbar Discectomy, is performed on patients with a painful lumbar disc herniation. Microdiscectomy is a very common, if not the most common, operation performed by spine surgeons. The operation involves removing part of the intervertebral disc, the herniated or protruding part that compresses the passing spinal nerve root. Years ago, most spine surgeons removed a herniated disc using a fairly large surgical incision and surgical exposure without the use of a microscope or telescopic glasses, which would often require a long hospital stay and prolonged recovery time. Today, many surgeons use a microscopic surgical approach with a small, minimally invasive poke-hole incision to remove a herniated disc, allowing for a faster recovery. The operation is performed under general anesthesia. A breathing tube (endotracheal tube) is placed and the patient breathes with a ventilator during the operation. Intravenous antibiotics are administered preoperatively. Patients are positioned in the prone position (lying on their stomachs), usually using a special operating table with special padding and supports.
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